Academic Hedging

Welcome to lesson 12 of C1. Today we're going to work on academic hedging.

By the end of this lesson, you'll be able to present claims cautiously with more confidence.

Let's start with the main idea. English becomes much easier when you learn complete patterns instead of translating one word at a time. Listen to these examples and notice how the structure works in context.

The findings appear to indicate a pattern. This may be partly explained by cost. The evidence seems to support the hypothesis.

Now say the examples again slowly. Focus on the part of the sentence that changes. Then try to create one new example about your own life.

Here's an important point to remember. Advanced academic English separates evidence from certainty.

Let's do a quick practice. Pause for a moment after each prompt and answer out loud.

First: make one sentence about yourself using today's language.
Second: make the same idea negative, if that is possible.
Third: turn one example into a question or a different situation.
Fourth: create one sentence about another person.

Don't worry if your answer is not perfect. The goal is to produce English actively, not only recognize it.

Now listen once more to the model language: The findings appear to indicate a pattern. This may be partly explained by cost. The evidence seems to support the hypothesis.

Before we finish, say one original sentence without looking at the examples. If you can do that, you're already turning the lesson into active English.

Great work. Review today's examples, practice them aloud, and continue to the next lesson when you're ready.